Terrorism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Terrorism - Assignment Example Due to the consequences attached with terrorism, one can understand that mankind has suffered on nearly all counts. If suffering is the barometer of finding out how terrorism will be defined and described, then one can suggest different implications all the same. It is not surprising that ever since recorded history, terrorism has been hard to define. It is both a strategic tool and a tactical entity, whereby the some believe it as a holy duty while others as a crime in its most rigorous form. Some believe it is the best deterrent to oppression and thus stands as a justifiable excuse in the wake of changing times. Then there are others who believe in creating destruction within the society to meet some of their ulterior motives whilst indulging in terrorism and its related activities. This indeed is a state of mind which comes directly linked with terrorism. It remains a reality that terrorism is a crime which influences an audience apart from the victim that is apparent. The basic strategy of terrorism is to commit to those acts which come under the domains of violence and thus grab the attention and feedback of the population which is affected by the same. Often times, it has been seen that the local population is indeed the government of the land or even the entire world. The terrorists carry out the terrorism related activities to let the people know that a lot of ambiguity exists within the relevant ranks, and thus anarchy has started to come up as a major force. The manner in which the terrorism event takes place decides whether or not it has been instrumental at changing beliefs or aligning ideologies. These are some of the basic reasons why terrorism is seen as something that is hard to define and describe because it affects quite a few tangents in the long term scheme of things. The three different perspectives in the wake of t he phenomenon of terrorism offer something of insight to gain from. This encompasses the stance of the

Lactose Intolerance: Causes, Types and Management

Lactose Intolerance: Causes, Types and Management Western scientists established by the 1940s that milk was good for you. As a glass of cows milk was set for everyone at the table doctors were receiving discouraging reports that some of the patients were not able to digest the milk. (Dunn, R. 2011) Lactose is a sugar found in milk and milk products. Lactose intolerance (LI) is the inability or inadequate ability to digest lactose. (Kennedy, K., 2010) Cells of the inner lumen of the small intestines, enterocytes, are covered with a membrane that has a brush border made up of microvilli. The microvilli produce lactase, the enzyme that splits and hydrolyze dietary lactose into glucose and galactose for transport across the cell membrane. Lactase is produced in the upper, most shallow section of the villi, which is easy to damage by secondary insult. Lactase breaks down lactose into two simpler forms of sugar called glucose and galactose, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream. (Thorn, A., 2010). If the lactase enzymes are lacking, unabsorbed sugars osmotically attract fluid into the bowel lumen. The amount of fluid influx into the bowel is about triple the normal amount, based on the osmolality of sugar alone. In addition, the unabsorbed lactose entering the colon is fermented by bacteria, producing gas and resulting in the cleavage of lactose into monosaccharides. Monosaccharides cannot be absorbed by the colonic mucosa; as a result, osmotic pressure increases, and fluid levels rise in the bowel. (Thorn, A., 2010). The result of the rising fluid levels would be in about 30 minutes to 2 hours you might experience flatulence, stomach cramps, nausea, bloating of the abdomen, and/or diarrhea. Symptoms may vary from person to person, and people can tolerate differing amounts of foods containing lactose. That is mainly why LI is a very misunderstood condition as there are no really positive criteria for diagnosis. (American Psychological Assoc. Lactose intolerance., 2005). 30 million US adults may be affected by lactose intolerance to some degree by age 20, older patients are predominantly susceptible. It is estimated that about 70% of the world population is affected by LIwith excessive variation among ethnicities and races. Some degree of LI is reported in up to 80% of African-Americans and Latinos, and almost 100% of Native Americans and Asian Americans. LI is least common in people of northern European descent (and is unlikely to develop before adulthood). Most mammalian babies, counting human infants, produce enough lactase to digest milk, including breast milk. This ability continues until the child is weaned. In humans, lactase activity descents at age 2 to 3 years and may cease completely by age 5 to 10. Worldwide, most humans lose 90% to 95% of birth lactase levels by early childhood, with a continuing decline during the course of a lifetime. This may help explain why many elderly people are affected by LI. (Thorn, A., 2010) Two of the main types of lactose malabsoption are primary and secondary. Primary lactase deficiency is the most common form. It is the normal, ongoing reduction in lactase enzyme that an ageing individual experiences, and the rate of decline is genetically determined. (Thorn, A. 2010). Researchers have identified a possible genetic link to primary lactase deficiency. Some people inherit a gene from their parents that makes it likely they will develop primary lactase deficiency. This discovery may be useful in developing future genetic tests to identify people at risk for lactose intolerance. (Matus, J., 2003). Secondary lactose malabsorption is normally temporary and occurs following a weakening of the mucous membrane of the small intestine (American Psychological Assoc. Lactose intolerance. 2005). The weakening can be caused by severe diarrhea, infection (eg, rotavirus), chemotherapy, or acute gastroenteritis. In these situations, lactase is the first enzyme to be harmfully affected and the last to return as the insult resolves. Secondary hypolactasia is transient and reversible. (Thorn, A., 2010). It can last from approximately one week to four weeks after recovery from a severe bout of gastrointestinal infection. (American Psychological Assoc. Lactose intolerance., 2005). Young babies (infants) and children suffering from such an infection or from malnutrition are particularly vulnerable to this secondary deficiency of lactose enzyme. Other causes could be coeliac disease, by an allergy to cows milk, by certain drugs (such as antibiotics) and by gastrointestinal surgery. (Matus, J., 2003). Infants born prematurely are more likely to have lactase deficiency because an infants lactase levels do not increase until the third trimester of pregnancy. (Matus, J. 2003, December). 50% of children will outgrow an allergy to milk protein by one year of age, 75% by two years and 90% by three years. Less than 1% of children suffer from a lifelong milk allergy. (Kennedy, K., 2010) LI is not considered life threatening, but its symptoms can severely affect a persons quality of life and productivity. In addition to ethnicity and age, the type and amount of lactose ingested and the amount that the patient is unable to digest all affect the severity of LI symptoms. (From the pharmacy, 2008) Not all people with lactase deficiency have digestive symptoms, but those who do may have LI. Most people with LI can tolerate some amount of lactose in their diet. LI can be difficult to diagnose by symptoms alone; physicians may need to run tests for proper diagnosis. There are two tests that doctors will usually use to measure the digestion of lactose. One is the Hydrogen Breath Test where the person drinks a lactose-loaded beverage and then the breath is examined at regular interludes to measure the amount of hydrogen. Undigested lactose produces high levels of hydrogen, normally; very little hydrogen is detectable in the breath. The second is a Stool Acidity Test. The stool acidity test is used for infants and young children to measure the amount of acid in the stool. Undigested lactose creates lactic acid and other fatty acids that can be discovered in a stool sample. Glucose may also be present in the stool as a result of undigested lactose. (NIH, 2009) Lactose is also used in some prescription medicines, including birth control pills, and over-the-counter medicines like products to treat stomach acid and gas. Usually only the people with severe LI will have symptoms caused by these medications. (From the pharmacy, 2008). People who suffer from LI should be concerned with getting enough calcium and vitamin D in their diet. Calcium is needed for strong bones, to prevent osteoporosis. There are many alternative foods and lactose free milk products available today to get the proper nutrients and calcium the body needs. Because lactose intolerance is unusual in infants and children younger than 2, a health professional should take special care in determining the cause of a childs digestive symptoms. (NIH Publication, 2009) Although the bodys ability to produce lactase cannot be changed, the symptoms of lactose intolerance can be managed with dietary changes. Slowly introducing small amounts of milk or milk products may help some people adapt to them with fewer symptoms. Most of the time people find they can tolerate milk or milk products better by taking them with meals. (Thorn, A. 2010) Israeli researchers did a study of 66 LI people and discovered that they got less than the 700 mg of calcium a day. That is almost half the recommended 1000 to 1200 mg for healthy bone building. When scans were done they were also found to have thinning bones and to be at risk for osteoporosis and fractures.(NIH, 2009) People, who even after switching their diet, are still having symptoms can take over-the-counter lactase enzyme drops or tablets. Taking a few drops of the liquid enzyme may make the milk products more tolerable to consume for people with LI. (From the pharmacy, 2008)

Carl Friedrich Gauss Essay -- essays research papers

Carl Friedrich Gauss   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This report is on Carl Friedrich Gauss. Gauss was a German scientist and mathematician. People call him the founder of modern mathematics. He also worked in astronomy and physics. His work in astronomy and physics is nearly as significant as that in mathematics. Gauss also worked in crystallography, optics, biostatistics, and Making mechanics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gauss was born on April 30, 1777 in Brunswick. Brunswick is what is now called West Germany. He was born to a peasant couple. Gauss's father didn't want Gauss to go to a University. In elementary school he soon impressed his teacher, who is said to have convinced Gauss's father that his son should be permitted to study with a view toward entering a university. In secondary school nobody recognize his is talent for math and science because he rapidly distinguished himself in ancient languages. When Gauss was 14 he impressed the duke of Brunswick with his computing skill. The duke was so impressed that he generously supported Gauss until his death in 1806.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gauss conceived almost all his basic mathematical discoveries between the ages of 14 and 17. In 1791 he began to do totally new and innovative work in mathematics. In 1793-94 he did intensive research in number theory, especially on prime numbers. He made this his life's passion and is regarded as its modern founder.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gaus...

Satire in the Great Gatsby

Is Fitzgerald writing a love story that shows the American ideals, or is it a satire that comments on the American society in the roaring twenties? The novel The Great Gatsby is a satire type novel that comments on the American society during the roaring twenties.This is shown through the contrast of The Valley of Ashes and Gatsby’s parties, Gatsby himself, and Myrtle and George Wilson. Through these characters and places, Fitzgerald shows through satire, how the American dream isn’t real anymore and how it is now replaced with immoral activities and actions.The American dream has been replaced with greed and the pursuit of money rather than happiness. The valley of Ashes represents poverty and hopelessness. This location shows how the American dream has been perverted into something very dark and sinister.This is the desire of wealth at any cost and the ideal that money will make you happy. â€Å"This is a valley of ashes- a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pg. 26). this quote shows the affects of the modern materialistic society of New York.Everyone wants to be the rich but the poor suffer a lot due to the by-product of the capitalistic society. The by-product in this novel is the ashes. This shows how people throw out regard for other humans for the pursuit to be rich (This is very immoral).This is believed to be the American dream. On the other hand you have McArthur 2 Extravagant parties at the Gatsby house just to impress a girl. This is a sharp contradiction which fits into Fitzgerald’s attempt to use satire to prove the point that the American Dream is gone. Gatsby himself is the bets example of the pervetd new American dream. Gatsby gets his money through bootlegging.He does what every he can to get rich and what got him rich was illegal and immoral activities. â€Å"You’re one of the bun ch that hangs around with Mayor Wolfshiem- that much I happen to know. I’ve mad a little investigation into your affairs and carry it further tomorrow† (Pg. 104).This quote shows Tom accusing Gatsby of being a bootlegger. Gatsby gets rich just to get Daisy. The satire shown is that no matter how much money Gatsby has he is never happy and all he needs is Daisy but Daisy will not like him unless he is rich. This shows how the only thing Americans care about is money and how the American dream is no longer.Myrtle and George Wilson are the poorer characters in the book but both want the dream of being really rich. Myrtle tries to achieve this by having an affair with Tom who is rich. She cheats on George and she ends up getting hit by a car driven by Daisy.This event shows that there is no way of escaping the Valley of Ashes. George is a hardworking man and just wants to get some money and seem rich. He tries to buy Tom’s car just so he can have a really nice car. G eorge symbolizes that in modern America, you will not succeed in getting rich and achieving the false American dream of being rich and happy.George ends up committing suicide which furthers the ideal that you will not get out the valley of ashes. This is another form of satire trying to urge people to not go with moral decay and rather live a happy non-immoral life.McArthur 3 The novel The Great Gatsby uses Satire to show that the American dream is dead during the roaring twenties. Fitzgerald does this through the Valley of Ashes, Gatsby’s parties, Gatsby himself, Myrtle and George Wilson. The American dream has been replaced with greed and the pursuit of money rather than happiness.

Critical Analysis of the poem “Breaking Through” Essay

The poem Breaking Through written by Myrna Peňa-Reyes is very profound in terms of its appeal to the reader. The poem is all about the filial relationship between a son/daughter and a father. The poem basically revolves around the father and his son/daughter. The plot of the poem tells the reader that a certain persona in the first stanza  receives a parcel that came during that morning. The persona lamely opened the small box and it takes for him/her a short labor to undo the tie. Although the box is just small, it is being tied skillfully and very well. It is not stated in the first stanza where the package does came from but lately, it is being mentioned that it’s from the persona’s father. The package box came all the way across 10, 000 miles of ocean. While opening the box, the persona can feel the love of his/her father that binds them together. Breaking Through if examined could be the literal meaning of breaking through or the undoing of the strong thread of two or three strands that are being twisted together tied around the package box received by the persona from his/her father. The title its self could be the connotation of the applied effort of a certain persona in the poem in executing a little labor by untying the box. This effort of the persona in the poem is very present from line 1 to 7 of the first stanza. It says that, â€Å"Haltingly I undo the knots around your parcel that came this morning. A small box should require little labor, but you’ve always been thorough, tying things tight and well. The twine lengthens, curls beside the box.† The title Breaking Through is the metaphorical representation of the filial devotion of the persona to his/her father. The title could be the denotation of the persona in the poem of the lessons that he/she had learned from his/her father. It could also mean â€Å"love† as supported from the last two lines of the second stanza. The line say that â€Å"my father, this undoing is what binds us.† Although it’s not directly mentioned that love is the breaking through, it is showed indirectly through subliminal meaning of the phrase â€Å"this undoing is what binds us.† What makes the father and the persona bind? The clear and not vague answer is love, nothing more. The author also used symbols in the poem. The first symbol is the box. As an assertion, the box highly symbolizes the love of the father to the persona that is being away from him. It is distant because the author mentioned in the last lines of the first stanza. It says that the package box came across 10, 000 miles of ocean. The box also represents the longing of the father to  his son/daughter that is away from him for a long time. Through the box, the father extends his warm filial love to his son/daughter. The knots around the parcel also represents that the father’s love is true and fair to the persona. The love that is true and fair can be supported by lines from 6-7 of stanza 1 that says â€Å"but you’ve always been thorough, tying things tight and well. The twine lengthens† and lines from 11-12 of stanza 1 that says â€Å"you hoped the package would hold its shape across 10, 000 miles of ocean.† In those lines, the father of the persona tied the knots thoroughly to keep the package in its original shape from the father’s home until it reaches the persona’s hand. It only signifies that he wanted that his best regards and love would remain in tact after journeying across 10, 000 miles across the ocean. The knots also symbolized of how patient the persona’s father, it definitely reflects the he tied the box. In the poem, there is a mention of belt in the 10th line of first stanza. It says, â€Å"once your belt slapped sharply against my skin,† it is being enclosed in the parenthesis for further emphasis. The belt that the author projects in line 10 only symbolizes that the persona’s father is a man of discipline. He slaps the persona sometime in his/her childhood to discipline him/her. Through the belt, it shaped the persona for he/she no. through the father’s slapping, the persona learned things between bad and good, and right or wrong. The belt also symbolizes display or the manifestation of power. It only shows that during childhood of the persona, he/she exists in the patriarchal world. Indeed, during the persona’s childhood, he/she exists in te patriarchal society for he/she experienced being beaten by the father. Not using the scissors in cutting could also mean a lot in the poem. As an assertion, the persona did not use the scissors to unravel the tight knots of the box because the persona wanted to savor the moment of unraveling with love. If the person uses the scissors, it will project that the persona is non-appreciative of the love of the father. Not using the scissors could also mean that the persona prolonged the excitement by opening it very lamely. It also means that the persona had learned the craft of patience from his/her father. The author had also left its readers the dramatic impact by not revealing what is inside the box. It poses questions of what is inside the box. Is it a food? Books? Dress? Bag or anything that is liquid? The reader can’t figure out for its not revealed. A strong assertion is that, no matter what’s inside the box, it surely resembles the love of the father to the persona of the poem. In a contemporary setting, if the author is mentioning about across 10, 000 miles of oceans, the first that comes into the mind of the reader is that, the persona is situated abroad or in states. If being assumed that the father is in Philippines, maybe the persona is in West Asia, America, Europe, Australia and others. The reader does not also know if the persona is working abroad, married, touring and etc. because it’s not directly stated. What is very vivid in the context is that they are away from each other and they haven’t seen each other for a long period of time. The tone of the poem is about longing and sadness. In the first part of the poem, the persona undoes the box haltingly. Haltingly in other words could mean lamely. In this thought alone, an assertion came in that the persona is sad because it made him/her feel home sick as the box arrives. The tone of longing could also be sensed. As the persona is undoing the knots of the box, the persona reminisce his/her father-his teaching, disciplinary actions and love. Through the presence of the box, the persona can imagine his/her home that heightened his/her sadness and longing. Characterization of the father in the poem is also very effective. In the context, the father is portrayed as caring for he sends the persona a package box although its very far. Unlike other father figure, the father in the poem is very mild-not ruthless and cruel. Though there is a use of belt slapping in the poem, it is being done to discipline his child. The father did do it for a good purpose, for the benefit of the child when he/she grew up but not in the abusive manner. The father figure in here is perhaps a gentle and amiable father. The author also used strong images to convey the meaning of the poem. The delivery is very suggestive images like the undoing of the box; the scene is very vivid and understandable. Through this clear description, it brought the reader the catharsis of emotions or eliminating its complexity, the author effectively carried out the essence and meaning of the poem. In terms of form and structure, the author unconsciously celebrated the form over the content. Like T. S. Eliot, she has done it for she chose to write in free verse or blank verse. She does not follow rhymes and meters, what she did is the total deviation of the traditional metered poems. The style is very contemporary, or maybe it belongs to the Romantics. In general, the Breaking Through is a superb poem. It tackles a rarely touched theme in poetry, filial love. Through this theme, it makes the poem unique and notable.

Scrooge essays

Scrooge essays Ignorance In the famous story A Christmas Carol, the Ghost said to Scrooge ""These are your children Ignorance and Want." as he opened his robe to reveal two small unfortunate poverty stricken children. By this, the ghost meant that because of the cruelty of the world and irresponsibility, these innocent children must suffer. These children suffered because of careless people like Scrooge. The ghost meant unfortunate children like these are the responsibility of everyone. Their names were ignorance and want because they were a result of ignorant people and people who only wanted for themselves. In today's world many children also live in poverty. However there are many more organizations to help them and their families and to prevent them having to live on the streets. Such an example of an organization would be welfare. Welfare helps people by giving supplying food stamps and money to the less fortunate. Another caring organization would be the Salvation Army who gives food and clothing to people who need it. It is our responsibility to care for the needy by sponsoring a child for Christmas and donating money and clothing to the Salvation Army. Even though there are many "Scrooges" in our world we can still take on the responsibility of caring for those who need it. We may not need help now but the future is never certain. If you are kind to others, they will remember and be kind to you when you really need it. ...

Free Essays on Thai Marriage

One of the most important moments in a person’s life after birth is marriage. This is a special moment when a man and woman decide to unite in a bond that will influence them for the rest of their lives. However, marriage rituals and tradition vary from culture to culture. Even among people of the same race, ethnic or linguistic heritage can diversify. Like most cultures, the Thai culture has its unique ways to go about a marriage. In my interview, I interview two young males that are currently attending college. Their names are Chatchwal Ponguisooti and Piyamit Chomprasob. Chatchwal is twenty-two years old and attends Glendale Community College. He has lived in the United States for about ten years. On the other hand, Piyamit Chomprasob is seventeen years old and attends University of California Irvine. He has lived in the United States for about four years. When I interview both of these individual, they both commented on the idea that they wanted to get marry someday. However, their ideas of marriage where not very different. At the beginning of the interview, they both commented on the idea that they would not like their marriage to be arranged. They will both like to follow the traditions of the Thailand culture. The cost of the wedding would all be taken care by the groom’s parent’s, which would be given to the bride’s parent with the amount they demanded.... Free Essays on Thai Marriage Free Essays on Thai Marriage One of the most important moments in a person’s life after birth is marriage. This is a special moment when a man and woman decide to unite in a bond that will influence them for the rest of their lives. However, marriage rituals and tradition vary from culture to culture. Even among people of the same race, ethnic or linguistic heritage can diversify. Like most cultures, the Thai culture has its unique ways to go about a marriage. In my interview, I interview two young males that are currently attending college. Their names are Chatchwal Ponguisooti and Piyamit Chomprasob. Chatchwal is twenty-two years old and attends Glendale Community College. He has lived in the United States for about ten years. On the other hand, Piyamit Chomprasob is seventeen years old and attends University of California Irvine. He has lived in the United States for about four years. When I interview both of these individual, they both commented on the idea that they wanted to get marry someday. However, their ideas of marriage where not very different. At the beginning of the interview, they both commented on the idea that they would not like their marriage to be arranged. They will both like to follow the traditions of the Thailand culture. The cost of the wedding would all be taken care by the groom’s parent’s, which would be given to the bride’s parent with the amount they demanded....

Aquatic Communities

Aquatic Communities Aquatic communities are the worlds major water habitats. Like land biomes, aquatic communities can also be subdivided based on common characteristics. Two common designations are  freshwater and marine communities. Freshwater Communities Rivers and Streams are bodies of water that continuously move in a single direction. Both are rapidly changing communities. The source of the river or stream usually differs significantly from the point at which the river or stream empties. A variety of plants and animals can be found in these freshwater communities, including trout, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and of course, various species of fish. Estuaries are the areas where freshwater streams or rivers meet the ocean. These highly productive regions contain widely diverse plant and animal life. The river or stream usually carries many nutrients from inland sources, making estuaries capable of supporting this rich diversity and high productivity. Estuaries are feeding and breeding grounds for a variety of animals, including  waterfowl, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians. Lakes and Ponds are standing bodies of water. Many streams and rivers end in lakes and ponds. Phytoplankton are usually found in the upper layers. Because light is absorbed only to certain depths, photosynthesis is common only in the upper layers. Lakes and ponds also support a variety of plant and animal life, including  small fish, brine shrimp, aquatic insects, and numerous plant species. Marine Communities Oceans cover approximately 70% of the earths surface. Marine communities are difficult to divide into distinct types  but can be classified based on the degree of light penetration. The simplest classification consists of two distinct zones: the photic and aphotic zones. The photic zone is the light zone or area from the surface of the water to the depths at which the light intensity is only around 1 percent of that at the surface. Photosynthesis occurs in this zone. The vast majority of marine life exists in the photic zone. The aphotic zone is an area that receives little or no sunlight. The environment in this zone is extremely dark and cold. Organisms living in the aphotic zone are often bioluminescent or are extremophiles and adept at living in extreme environments. As with the other communities, a variety of organisms live in the ocean. Some include  fungi, sponges, starfish, sea anemones, fish, crabs, dinoflagellates, green algae, marine mammals, and giant kelp.

CM115 Week 1 Seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CM115 Week 1 Seminar - Essay Example At times, people are unable to communicate while under stress, and it may affect personal and interpersonal relationships. For that reason, the study will help me gain on knowledge about communication in stressful situations. Effective communication is an inherent skill that the study of communication fosters. The study of communication is essential for several reasons. Despite our best attempts, people can understand what we communicate differently, depending on their translation. For that reason, the study will help reduce conflicts, frustrations, and misunderstandings experienced in the communication process. Secondly, it enhances clear and effective communication, and this improves communication skills, which fosters respect and builds trust. Thirdly, the study goes further than just the use of words, but also equips a person with a set of skills that integrates the emotional aspects and nonverbal forms of communication. Lastly, it improves cooperation, decision-making, and problem solving, and equips one with the necessary skills to communicate even difficult messages in an efficient manner that does not create conflict (O’Toole, 2008). In the main, it enables one to read their audience and understand the best method to present

Quantitative research critique Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Quantitative critique - Research Paper Example The authors feel that the distinction between these atypical medications and the comorbidity with weight gain and diabetes is an important distinction. Furthermore, this certainly has ramifications for nursing in regards to the diet and importance of monitoring signs of diabetes and increased weight gain in this cohort. The population under study and the quantitative analysis of the data is appropriate and meaningful for this study. Literature Review: The references cited, while not extensive, are suitable for the size of the study. Twenty-two references are used directly. Of these, seven are directly related to the effects the study is analyzing. The others relate to the specific mediations under study as well as the general information regarding diabetes and adiposity. Twenty are current and date from 2002 forward, only two are older, (1) the American Diabetes Association’s â€Å"Report of the expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus.† dates from 1997 but is only used as a general reference and (2) Gray and Fujioka (1991) â€Å"Use of relative weight and body mass index for the determination of adiposity,† also for general guidelines. ... In a survey of diabetes associated with clozapine, glycemic control improved after clozapine was stopped in 78% of individuals who developed diabetes; 62% of these patients no longer required hypoglycemic drugs. Of 12 patients who were restarted on clozapine, 9 developed hyperglycemia again. (Cohen, 2004, 3) While other references used generalized this effect there is other literature that directly supports it. For instance, in a study they did not reference, Koller and Doraiswamy (2002) showed in their research that 78% of the group had improved glycemic balance once they stopped taking or decreased the dosage of olanzapine and that if olanzapine was restarted eight out of ten patients had a recurrence of hyperglycemia. So it is clear that there were previous studies which connected the same inferences the authors are stating. There is also some research that counter-indicates their results as to weight gain to some extent: †¦patients taking antipsychotic drugs can develop diab etes without significant weight gain or can lose weight. Furthermore, their diabetes usually improves rapidly when the antipsychotic drug is withdrawn, without significant reduction in body weight, and often recurs rapidly if the drug is started again. (Wirshing, 2001, 8) They do cite another study from Wirshing, Boyd and Meng (2002) which does concur with their weight gain hypothesis. Furthermore, as far back as 1999, the diabetic inducing effects off clozapine and olanzapine were already known: Several cases of new-onset diabetes attributed to clozapine and olanzapine were associated with acute pancreatitis. It is possible, therefore, that antipsychotic-induced diabetes results from chemical damage to the pancreas. However, diabetes

Cloud Computing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cloud Computing - Case Study Example This is achieved through being allowed to pay at a very low rate the capacity which they use only (AmazonWebService, November 2012). The provision of Software-as-a-Service and Infrastructure-as-a-Service offloads the burden of constantly updating systems both hardware and software from the consumer to service provider. In this regard Ericsson rides on the latest and updated systems handing at no extra cost. Cloud based systems such as the ones offered by AWS are accessed through web APIs which can be remotely accessed from virtually anywhere in the world offering a very flexible and highly convenient system which to international companies such as Erickson redefines global outreach literally. Furthermore Cloud based systems are a 24 hour service which allow round the clock access as a results clients are able to get an on demand availability of their data and systems. On demand systems offered by AWS Allows ericsson to work only with the capacities they require as and when they are n eeded as such no resource goes to waste of idle time and they freed from costs arising from long term planning upgrades and maintenance of systems. The fact that Ericsson runs mobile networks, a real-time on demand availability of their systems offers a cutting edge market advantage over their competitors (Dodani, 2009). Ericsson cloud based systems uses Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Amazon Simple Storage Services (S3), and Rightscale. These are powerful and robust services provided by Amazon designed to simplify cloud computing. Amazon EC2 for example provides a complete control of the system as if it were on premise by allowing users to obtain and configure their systems capacity with a lot of ease. Acquisition and booting a new server through Amazon EC2 has been simplified providing a quick means of either increasing or decreasing capacity depending with system requirements (AmazonWebService, November 2012). This is a highly scalable

Professional Development about Constructivist Learning Environments Research Paper

Professional Development about Constructivist Learning Environments - Research Paper Example Self-regulated Learning with technology accounts for much of the present thinking about the utilization of technology as a supporting tool for learning. As a tool, the internet can be a means of finding and processing information, and to reflect on one’s understandings, beliefs, and thinking processes. Utilized in such a manner, internet technology provides learner to collect information and explore new content knowledge on his own and without the assistance of teachers and parents. Ordinary application software such as word processing, spreadsheet, graphics, presentation, and database software, problem-solving software, simulations, electronic mail, and the Internet are technological tools that help an individual in his quest of learning. Self-regulated learning with the help of online course animations, hypertext, or clickable diagrams and video clips helped concepts that a static textbook image simply cannot. Video clips showing how to mount a camera on a tripod can help ex plain concepts much more easily through visuals that are not easily explained by a lecturer or a book's textual description. The risks in Self-regulated learning involves learner’s dilemma to gather the right knowledge from the flood of information available and incoherency of some of the documents provided. Many changes, which the learners might get, distracted from their learning objectives and without the proper guidance of teachers and classroom instructions. Self- regulated learner will be consuming his valuable time searching for irrelevant information.

Common Problems In The Restaurant Business Today Essay - 1

Common Problems In The Restaurant Business Today - Essay Example From this paper, it is clear that data were gathered through the use of a questionnaire to a set of sample respondents in three restaurants in a district area. In addition, interview of restaurant owners/operators and staff was also conducted. In addition, in implementing the above recommendations, the restaurant owners should â€Å"consider the factors that make people want to come back to a certain restaurant.   The palatability, presentation, and price of the food items served are among these factors. Likewise, cleanliness of the restaurant is another vital feature of the good restaurant as well  as good customer service skills of   restaurant staff, among others.† (Building Perfect   Business/ Features of a good restaurant, 2009). Further, the restaurant owners should also look for solutions for other common problems such as restaurant downtime, problems with weather, filling undesirable tables and menu items that are unavailable. (Start a Restaurant Biz/ Turn Rest aurant Problems into Opportunities, 2009)   The restaurant industry will continue to flourish given proper management and careful consideration of problems and difficulties turning them into profitable opportunities.   The restaurant is here to stay following the new trends and solutions to be adopted by restaurant owners for common problems identified by food critics and the results of this study for this   type of undertaking. The restaurant owners can make the restaurant business a challenging opportunity for a profitable endeavor and rewarding experience.   ... The category of personal problems are the most difficult to deal with. (Restaurant Owners Face Problems and Crisis, 2010) While there are problems and crises confronting the restaurant business, it is here to stay as it is a part of our daily living. Walsh (2010) also described ten things that make a good restaurant. These include: simplicity, waiters who know the menu, comprehensive menu, no service charge, among others. (Ten Things that Make a Good Restaurant, Feb. 25, 2010) It has been observed that restaurant trends have been continuously evolving around us. â€Å" The top 10 menu trends for 2011 include locally sourced meats and seafood, locally grown produce, sustainability as a culinary theme, nutritious kids’ dishes, hyper-local items, children’s nutrition as a culinary theme, sustainable seafood, gluten-free/food allergy-conscious items, back to basics cuisine and farm-branded ingredients. â€Å"(Food Product Design/ 2011 National Restaurant Trends, Dec. 2010 ) It is worthy to mention that Mayo Clinic’s predictions for 2011 are all about health and flavor such as locally sourced ingredients, small portions, big flavor, new twist on kid friendly and allergy awareness. (Mayo Clinic/Restaurant Trends for 2011, Dec. 2010). Other restaurant trends are predicted by Freeman (2010) who indicates that pies both sweet and savory top the list for 2011 with mini plates, fried vegetables among other trends. (Nation’s Restaurant News/Pies top 2011 restaurant trend list, October 21, 2010). This research project will help the restaurant owners be aware of the common problems in the restaurant business considering the existing competition in the restaurant industry today. Smith

Fundamentals of Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Fundamentals of Nursing - Essay Example This final example shows another difference between belief and knowledge, choice; a person can choose what to believe but has no choice over what to know (Edwards 2001, pp. 25-38). 2. What are the main differences between practical knowledge and propositional knowledge described by Edwards? Give an example of each of these from your nursing practice. The main differences between practical and propositional knowledge lie in the mode of expression of the knowledge, its extent, and limitations. Propositional knowledge is mainly expressed in speech whereby an individual uses statements that indicate his or her knowledge on the subject matter. On the other hand, practical knowledge is expressed in one’s work, where a person knows what to do now, or what one might do when posed with a problem of a certain nature. Propositional knowledge tends to be general, such that it does not major on one aspect of the subject whereas practical knowledge is job specific, and is useful in one job area and can be applied to solve problems in that field exclusively. While propositional knowledge comes mainly from literature that one reads, practical knowledge is acquired as one does his or her duties, and the latter incorporates more senses than the former. An example of practical knowledge is using a needle and syringe on a patient such that it inflicts minimal pain and damage. Books may give the procedures for use in a medical setting, but practise gives a person the practical knowledge of how to do the procedures right. Propositional knowledge is evident where a person knows the various disease cycles and patterns, but the knowledge is not applicable directly in practice (Edwards 2001, pp. 25-38). 3. Critically analyse the kinds of knowledge nurses use in practice. Support your answer... This paper approves that nursing professionals possess knowledge in its various forms, which they should use in their line of duty such that it is for the benefit of a patient. However, a nurse must have all levels of knowing including personal, empirical, ethical, and aesthetic. This enables not only effective care of patients, but assures quality and adherence to acceptable levels of standards and ethics. Consequently, a nurse becomes more effective and efficient in his or her work, which in turn increases the ability of the nurse to be more effective due to a high self-esteem and a feeling of achievement. A nurse should be capable of differentiating between knowledge and belief, only then can one apply these two aspects in practice for optimal results. Nursing professionals should use a carefully balanced amalgamation of these knowledge types to ensure that their patients get the best service the profession has to offer. This essay makes a conclusion that an aspect of the nursing profession facing stiff criticism is evidence-based practice, which aims to ensure that all decisions and actions by nurses use chosen studies as a basis. This does not auger well with critics, who purport that evidence based practice is limiting and denies nurses and other scientists from having a different opinion from the given ones. In this regard, evidence based practice hinders innovation and prevents nurses from reaching their full potential in their profession. Though standards should be used for quality assurance purposes, they should be flexible enough to allow for personal choice and innovation.

Common Problems In The Restaurant Business Today Essay - 1

Common Problems In The Restaurant Business Today - Essay Example From this paper, it is clear that data were gathered through the use of a questionnaire to a set of sample respondents in three restaurants in a district area. In addition, interview of restaurant owners/operators and staff was also conducted. In addition, in implementing the above recommendations, the restaurant owners should â€Å"consider the factors that make people want to come back to a certain restaurant.   The palatability, presentation, and price of the food items served are among these factors. Likewise, cleanliness of the restaurant is another vital feature of the good restaurant as well  as good customer service skills of   restaurant staff, among others.† (Building Perfect   Business/ Features of a good restaurant, 2009). Further, the restaurant owners should also look for solutions for other common problems such as restaurant downtime, problems with weather, filling undesirable tables and menu items that are unavailable. (Start a Restaurant Biz/ Turn Rest aurant Problems into Opportunities, 2009)   The restaurant industry will continue to flourish given proper management and careful consideration of problems and difficulties turning them into profitable opportunities.   The restaurant is here to stay following the new trends and solutions to be adopted by restaurant owners for common problems identified by food critics and the results of this study for this   type of undertaking. The restaurant owners can make the restaurant business a challenging opportunity for a profitable endeavor and rewarding experience.   ... The category of personal problems are the most difficult to deal with. (Restaurant Owners Face Problems and Crisis, 2010) While there are problems and crises confronting the restaurant business, it is here to stay as it is a part of our daily living. Walsh (2010) also described ten things that make a good restaurant. These include: simplicity, waiters who know the menu, comprehensive menu, no service charge, among others. (Ten Things that Make a Good Restaurant, Feb. 25, 2010) It has been observed that restaurant trends have been continuously evolving around us. â€Å" The top 10 menu trends for 2011 include locally sourced meats and seafood, locally grown produce, sustainability as a culinary theme, nutritious kids’ dishes, hyper-local items, children’s nutrition as a culinary theme, sustainable seafood, gluten-free/food allergy-conscious items, back to basics cuisine and farm-branded ingredients. â€Å"(Food Product Design/ 2011 National Restaurant Trends, Dec. 2010 ) It is worthy to mention that Mayo Clinic’s predictions for 2011 are all about health and flavor such as locally sourced ingredients, small portions, big flavor, new twist on kid friendly and allergy awareness. (Mayo Clinic/Restaurant Trends for 2011, Dec. 2010). Other restaurant trends are predicted by Freeman (2010) who indicates that pies both sweet and savory top the list for 2011 with mini plates, fried vegetables among other trends. (Nation’s Restaurant News/Pies top 2011 restaurant trend list, October 21, 2010). This research project will help the restaurant owners be aware of the common problems in the restaurant business considering the existing competition in the restaurant industry today. Smith

Education of the Middle Ages Essay Example for Free

Education of the Middle Ages Essay Education, as we know it today, did not exist in the Middle Ages. Illiteracy was dominant among the population. Scribes were the exception to the rule. Churches were the main source of knowledge and schooling. Real interest in learning grew along with the development of towns. The towns officials needed to be educated. At the same time a need for legal institutions was created and so started the university phenomenon. Modern education was on its way. There were few schools in the Middle ages, so everyone had limited education. Even the Lord of the Manor was often unable to read or write. Some of the first schools were Cathedral schools. As well as Parish, Monastic, and Palace schools. Here people learned a particular role in society. Naturally the primary job was training the clergy in their professional duties as priests of the Christian people. The bishop was the head of the complex and he had a staff of priest to help him with the several of the diocese. These skills that were taught here were reading, singing of hymns, church law, writing of documents and the performing of Church duties and sacraments. An example of educating for a specific role in life were the Knights who had learn how to fight with various weapons so that they could fight for their king. The common people, however, had no way of being educated other than going a monastic school. However, if they did this, they had to donate their property to the church. The people who went to this school later become monks or nuns. They had to follow three important laws: chastity, obedience, and the law or the lord if not followed they would be thrown out of the monastery. Most monasteries had a rule of silence: monks could not talk which other except for a short period of time. During meals one monk might read passages from the bible while the others mediated. Even though monks lives seem to be so hard it was the best place to go for a good education for anybody from a king to a beggar (Monasteries 488-499). Women took part in monastic life by living in a convent under a direction of an abbess. Known as nuns, they wore simple clothes and wrapped a white cloth called a wimple around their face and neck. They alternated prayer with spinning, weaving, and embroiling items such as tapestries and banners. They also taught needlework and the medicinal use of herbs to daughters of nobles (Couglin A6). Although monks and nuns lived apart from society, they were not completely isolated. Indeed, they played a crucial role in medieval intellectual and social life. Since few people could read or write, the regular clergy preserved ancient and the classical writings. Scribes copied all the books by hand working in a small drafty room with one candle or a small window for light. Illuminated manuscripts decorated with rich colors and intricate pictures indicate that, although the task was done with hard work, it was also lovingly done (Monastaries 499-501). Monasteries and convents provided not only schools for young people, but hospitals for the sick, food for the needy, and a home for travelers who need a place to stay (Monasteries 499-501). Cathedral schools were there to train higher-member of the Church in their professional duties as ministers of the Christian people. The bishop in whose Cathedral complex the school was located needed a group of trained priests to administer the various needs dioceses. The Cathedral school largely emphasized practical skills, effective reading, singing, and knowledge of Church Law, public speaking and the administration of the holy sacraments (Corbishely 28). At first the university was not so much a place as it was a group of scholars organized like a guild for the purpose of learning. Classes were held in rented rooms or churches even in the open air. Books were scarce. In most classes teacher read the text and discussed it, while students took notes on slates or memorized as much information as possible. Classes did, however meet regularly schedule. University rules established the obligations of the students and the teachers toward each other. To qualify as a teacher students had to pass an exam leading to a degree, or a certificate of completion (Cantor 58). By the end of the 1200s universities had spread throughout Europe. Most southern European universities were modeled after the law school at Bologna, Italy, and specialized in law and medicine. Universities in Northern Europe on the contrary, specialized in liberal arts in Theology. These were generally modeled after the University of Paris (Bailey 89). At medieval universities, scholars studied Latin classics and Roman law in depth. They also acquired knowledge from the works of the Greek philosopher Aristotle and from the Islamic scholarship in the sciences. This interest in the physical world eventually led a rise of western science (Schools 291-292). Many church leaders opposed the study of Aristotles works, fearing that his ideas feared the Christian teachings. In contrast some scholars thought that new knowledge could be used ideas. The applied Aristotle philosophy to theological questions and developed a system of thought called scholasticism. This new type of learning emphasized reason as well as the faith in the interpretations of Christian doctrine. Scholastic sought to bring back classical philosophy along side with the teachings of the Church. They believed that knowledge could be integrated into a coherent whole (Schools 295). One scholastic teacher, Peter Aberlard taught theology in Paris during the early 1100s. In his book Sic et Non, he collected statements from the bible writings of early Christian leaders that showed both sides of controversial questions. Abearld then had his students reconcile the difference though logic. In the 1200s the most important scholastic thinker was Thomas Aquinas a brilliant theologian and philosopher who taught philosophy in Naples and France. In his work Summa Theolgica Aquinas claimed that reason was a gift from god that could provide answers to basic philosophical questions. The catholic later accepted and promoted Aquinass way of teaching and thinking (Schools 310). The education of a knight proceeded in a way similar to that of many medieval occupations. At an early age the prospective knight was apprenticed to serve as a page, or attendant, in a knights household. In his teens the page graduated to the status of a squire and received more responsibilities. As a squire the boy tended his knights horses and armor, but he also gained his first battle experience. Several squires were usually apprenticed to a knight at the same time and on the battlefield they might fight as a small band of infantry around their master. Here they acquired the many skills in arms necessary for their profession. To graduate to the status of a knight, a squire usually performed some heroic deed in battle. The squire was welcomed into the order of knights by being dubbed with a sword or slapped in the face by his lord. Afterwards the new knight would receive his fief, or gift of land. As the cult of chivalry developed in the 12th and 13th centuries, knighting ceremonies became more involved. Often they occurred at court, and a knights dubbing might be preceded by a religious vigil in which the knight vowed to uphold Christian and chivalric principles (Davies 12-13). Finally the Renaissance, or rebirth of learning, began in Europe in the 14th century and reached its height in the 15th century. Scholars became more interested in the humanist features that is, the secular or worldly rather than the religious aspects of the Greek and Latin classics. Humanist educators found their models of literary style in the classics. The Renaissance was a particularly powerful force in Italy, most notably in art, literature, and architecture. In literature, the works of such Italian writers as Dante Aleghieri, Petrarch, and Giovanni Boccaccio became especially important (Renaissance 228-229). Humanist educators designed teaching methods to prepare well-rounded, liberally educated persons. Dutch humanist Desiderius Erasmus was particularly influential. Erasmus believed that understanding and conversing about the meaning of literature was more important than memorizing it, as had been required at many of the medieval religious schools. He advised teachers to study such fields as archeology, astronomy, mythology, history, and Scripture (Renaissance 220). The invention of the printing press in the mid-15th century made books more widely available and increased literacy rates. But school attendance did not increase greatly during the Renaissance. Elementary schools educated middle-class children while lower-class children received little, if any, formal schooling. Children of the nobility and upper classes attended humanist secondary schools (Bailey 112). Educational opportunities for women improved slightly during the Renaissance, especially for the upper classes. Some girls from wealthy families attended schools of the royal court or received private lessons at home. The curriculum studied by young women was still based on the belief that only certain subjects, such as art, music, needlework, dancing, and poetry, were suited for females. For working-class girls, especially rural peasants, education was still limited to training in household duties such as cooking and sewing (Couglin, A8). As it shows education the Middle Ages seems to be so diverse and a starting point for modern education. But the reader must always keep in mind only about five percent of the whole population did all of these educational activities.

Microphase Separation of Miktoarm Star Copolymers

Microphase Separation of Miktoarm Star Copolymers Abstract: Miktoarm star shaped copolymers have attracted much attention due to their unique shape and intriguing properties compared to the linear block copolymers, including compact structure, higher critical micelle concentration, lower viscosity, efficient synthetic routes and wide range of morphologies. The different synthetic routes such as anionic polymerization and controlled radical polymerization have made it possible to synthesis diverse molecular architecture of copolymer and these diverse architectured copolymers give numerous morphologies. For example, Archimedean tiling patterns and cylindrical microdomains at symmetric volume fraction for miktoarm star copolymers, which have not been reported for linear block copolymers. This paper summarizes the morphology and microphase separation of miktoarm star copolymers with nonlinear architecture. Introduction: Block copolymers have attracted considerable attention because of their morphologies and nanophase structures such as spheres, cylinders, bicontinuous, and lamellae. These morphologies show due to the interacting repulsive force between the components, which particularly affected by the phase separation, which strongly depends on volume fraction of the blocks, the degree of polymerization, entropy variation with molecular weight, the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, and the molecular architecture of the block copolymers.1–4 All of these nanostructure have been widely used in various field such as optoelectronics, microelectronics, and nanotechnology for various applications such as templates, nanoreactors, membranes, optical materials, and data storage media.5–15 6–8 In particular, in the field of pharmaceutical, vesicles of miktoarm star shaped copolymer have been used as drug delivery vehicles. In comparison to any other linear block copolymers, star shaped or miktoarm star shaped copolymers show diverse morphology and physical properties due to their different molecular architecture. For instance, unimolecular micelles of star copolymers displayed much higher stablility than the micelles of linear block copolymers because in the star shaped copolymer the arms are covalently connected to the central core. These highly stable micelles of star shaped copolymer have been using to synthesis monodisperse colloidal nanocrystal. 19-22 In the linear diblock copolymers (AB) and linear triblock terpolymers (ABC), the morphologies or microphase structure are mostly governed by the volume fraction of one of the blocks (fA, fB = 1- fA) and one interaction parameter (χAB), and two volume fraction parameters (fA, fB, fC = 1- fA fB) and three interaction parameters (χAB, χBC, χCA), respectively. For example, spherical or cylindrical microdomains are only observed at asymmetric volume fractions, while lamellar microdomains are shown at symmetric volume fractions in diblock copolymers. However, nonlinear or mitoarm star shaped copolymers showed cylindrical microdomains even at symmetric volume fraction due to the molecular architecture. Miktoarm star copolymers (sometimes called asymmetric star copolymers, heteroarm star copolymer or simply miktoarm copolymer) are star shaped copolymer, consist of heteroarms covalently joined to a central core with different chemical compositions or molecular weights For example, AmBn miktoarm star copolymer where, m arms of A homopolymer and n arms of B homopolymer are linked to a central core, while in the star-shaped copolymers homoarms with identical chemical compositions are covalently joined to a central core. For instance, (A-b-B)n star-shaped copolymer where, n arms of A-b-B diblock copolymer are connected to a central core. Here the first written A block represents the inner block (core) and B block is the outer block (shell) of star shaped copolymer, as shown in Fig: 1. Fig: 1 Schematic architectures of (a) miktoarm star copolymers (AmBn) and (b) star-shaped copolymers ((A-b-B)n). Miktoarm star shaped copolymers morphologies and their characterization: The effect of molecular architecture on miktoarm star shaped copolymers morphologies has been extensively investigated theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical investigation: In 1996, Milner 36 first reported theoretical phase diagram of AnBn miktoarm star shaped copolymers at the strong segregation limit. The morphology and microphase separation are determined by the competition between reduction of interfacial tension and the increase in stretching free energy as the copolymer blocks stretch away from the interface. Fig 2: Phase diagram of AnBn miktoarm star shaped copolymers at the strong segregation limit as a function of volume fraction of the B monomer (φB), with increasing asymmetric parameter ÃŽ µ = (nA/nB)(lA/lB)1/2, where nA, nB are the numbers of A and B blocks, and lA, lB are characteristic lengths of A and B, respectively. In 1997, Floudas 37 calculated spinodal curves for the series of ABn miktoarm star shaped copolymers based on mean field theory. The results of the lower number of the series are plotted in Fig 3. The plot indicates that the critical value of the χNt (Nt = Na + nNb) of ABn miktoarm star copolymers is higher than that of diblock copolymers. Therefore, the microphase separation for ABn miktoarm copolymers becomes more difficult. It also indicates that the maximum critical value of χNt appears at n=3 (for AB3 miktoarm copolymers). Fig 3: (a) The spinodal curves (χNt vs. fA) for diblock and ABn miktoarm star copolymers with three different values of n (2, 3, and 4). (b) Critical values of χNt plotted as a function of the number of arms of the B block. In 2004, Grason and Kamien38 have calculated phase diagrams of AmBn miktoarm star copolymers for m = 1 with n = 2, 3, 4, and 5 using self consistent field theory (SCFT), but they did not consider the perforated lamellar (PL) and Fddd (O70, orthorhombic and single-network structure) phases. Later, in 2012, Matsen39 calculated the phase diagram for AB2 miktoarm star copolymer and found perforated lamellae (PL) and Fddd (O70), phases near gyroid phase (Fig 4). Fig 4: Theoretical phase diagram of AB2 miktoarm star copolymers with PL and Fddd phases. Experimental investigation: ABC Miktoarm Star Terpolymer: Matsushita and coworkers74–76 have investigated microphase separation of AxByCz miktoarm star terpolymers. For that they classified the molecular architecture into different series like I1.0S1.0Px1, I1.0SyP2.0, and I1.0S1.8Px2 where I = polyisoprene, S = polystyrene and P = poly (2-vinylpyridine) and 0.2≠¤ x ≠¤ 10, 1.1≠¤ x ≠¤ 2.7 and 3.2≠¤ x2 ≠¤ 53. In all the TEM images and morphologies, I domain represented by black, S domain by white and P domain by gray color. Fig. 5 compares TEM images for the series, I1.0S1.0Px1. In figure 2(a) for the sample, I1.0S1.0P0.2, spheres of the highly minor component P are sandwiched with lamellae of two major components, I and S, which is called spheres sandwiched with lamellae. Figure 2(b) is a tiling structure as a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical structure from the sample, I1.0S1.0P0.7. This is one of the 12 Archimedean tiling structures. Figure 2(c) is a lamellar structure for the sample I1.0S1.0P3.0, where one of the lamellae is composed of other lamellae, which is called lamellae-in-lamella structure. Figure 2(d) for the sample I1.0S1.0P10 shows cylinders composed of alternating columnar I and S discs, the cylinders being packed hexagonally in a P matrix: this pattern is called a lamellae-in-cylinder structure. Fig 5: Various morphologies of the type I1.0S1.0Px1. X1 values are (a) 0.2, (b) 0.7, (c) 3 and (d) 10. Fig. 6 compares the TEM images of structures series, I1.0SyP2.0, where two Archimedean tilings, (4.6.12) and (4.8.8) can be recognized easily in figure 6(a) for I1.0S1.3P2.0 and in figure 6(c) for I1.0S2.3P2.0 while another (3.3.4.3.4) tiling is seen in figure 6(b) for (I1.0S2.7P2.0) where the I (dark) and S (bright) domains are opposite to Fig 5(a) because of the composition difference. Fig 6: Tiling structures for I1.0SyP2.0. (a) I1.0S1.3P2.0 (b) I1.0S2.3P2.0 and (c) I1.0S2.7P2.0 Fig 7(a) is the SAXS diffraction image for I1.0S2.3P2.0, in this pattern there are 12 diffraction spots in the lower q region, four of which belong to {20} and the other eight to {21}. From careful data analyses, it shows that this pattern is corresponded to the Archimedean tiling (3.3.4.3.4) (Fig 7(b)). Fig 7: (a) SAXS diffraction image for I1.0S2.3P2.0. and (b) the corresponding real-space image. The TEM images for the series, I1.0S1.8Px2 are reported in Fig 8, where Fig 8(a) for the sample, I1.0S1.8P3.2, shows I and S domains form gyroid membrane in the P domain. Figure 8(b) for I1.0S1.8P6.4 and 8(c) for I1.0S1.8P53 show cylinder-in-lamella and hierarchical structure, respectively. Fig 8: TEM images for (a) I1.0S1.8P3.2 (b) I1.0S1.8P3.2 and (c) I1.0S1.8P3.2 Fig 9 summarizes microphase separation observed for IxSyPz miktoarm star terpolymers with different volume ratios between the arms. Fig 9: Kaleidoscopic morphologies from the IxSyPz miktoarm star shaped block terpolymer system. (a) Lamellae-in-sphere, (b) lamellae-in-cylinder, (c) cylinder-in-lamella, (d) hyperbolic tiling, (e) zinc blende, (f) sphere-sandwiched-with-lamella, (g) Archimedean tiling and (h) lamellae-in-lamella.

A Recipe for Revolution :: miscellaneous

A Recipe for Revolution Today’s world subjects an individual to many different socio-religious-political influences. Out of those individuals come idealized leaders reinforcing their influences. In the increasing complexity of such memes and their interactions clarity and an understanding of evolutionary paths that is favored by nature-one that results in better survival- has become paramount. An assumption can boldly be made that violent or non violent constituents in the practice of such ideals eventually determine the desirable outcome namely the survival and success in the pursuit. As such one begins to wonder what has happened to non-violence of Gandhian heritage. It seems a dead and irrevocable concept in the turbulent waters of today. If one said its no longer applicable, its not without ground. Let us see how an opposition to Gandhian nonviolence can be mounted. It could have only worked against British A finer point is the fact that any means of non-violence protest is sustainable provided the opposition has a moral value not to cross a certain line. Has it been the case where British practiced shoot or execute anybody who may protest by any means, then Gandhi would have been shot lot earlier, perhaps in the train in South Africa, and there would have been no mahatma or success of non violence. Take Hitler for example. Let alone resisting, even if you try to cooperate with German for the demise of Jews, as a Jew you can be sure you will be shot. Where do you put non-violence against such a tyranny? There is no current conflict scenario where non-violence can be applied It won’t be exaggeration to state that â€Å"almost all the current conflict in the world has an armed oppression against unarmed public.† The statement can be substantiated by following two different points. In the most direct sense it means an authority’s aggression towards specific category of people using the unitary powers they hold which eventually fuel and give birth to an armed opposition or say a revolution. Most importantly on the second sense in any such conflicts, revolution or terrorism, just or unjust, it is the innocent people who are victimized the most. It is in this context we must identify the current conflict scenarios as a new era-new era of violence. What is clear is the fact that the nature of the conflicts in the world has significantly shifted. Not long ago, it used to be fighting a foreigner-imperialist for the independence of native land.

Connection of European Trials Essays -- Witch Witches Hunting Essays

Connection of European Trials The witch hunting trials that took place in Early Modern Period occurred across the expanse of Europe, including in its believers groups of people ranging from kings and popes to peasants and servants. Some historians argue that the witch trials of the Early Modern Period where not connected; that the trials where not related to each other and are not part of one large witch-hunt. Other historians argue that the witch hunting trials are related to each other by there similar characteristics. The Early-Modern witch trails where both related and separate entities that where born with the help of elite and common people’s belief in Catholic as well as Protestant locations including Geneva, Trier, Scotland, England, Bamberg, and Runchain. One thing that both the Catholics and the Protestants did have in common was the belief that the Bible was the word of God. Partly because of this belief both Protestant and Catholics participated in the practice of witch hunting. John Calvin began the Calvinist movement that began in Geneva Switzerland. Calvin lived from AD 1509-1564 during the Early Modern Period. During the Protestant Reformation Calvin wrote about witches stating, â€Å"And Paul, after he has warned us that our struggle is not with flesh and blood, but with the princes of the air, with the powers of darkness, and spiritual wickedness [Eph. 6:12].†1 This passage that Calvin took from the Bible helps to illustrate the feelings of the new Protestant church toward witches and witchcraft. The passage also shows that the Protestant church, like the Catholics, believe that witches are a threat and that something must be done to dispose of their demonic and wicked presence. The demonic ... ...ty of Pennsylvania Press, 1972. â€Å"The Confessions of the Chelmsford Witches of England.† In Witchcraft in Europe 1100- 1700, edited by Alan Kors and Edward Peters. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972. â€Å"The Persecution in Scotland.† In Witchcraft in Europe 1100-1700, edited by Alan Kors and Edward Peters. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972. â€Å"The Persecutions at Bamberg.† In Witchcraft in Europe 1100-1700, edited by Alan Kors and Edward Peters. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972. â€Å"The Persecutions at Trier.† In Witchcraft in Europe 1100-1700, edited by Alan Kors and Edward Peters. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972. â€Å"The Trial of Suzanne Gaudry.† In Witchcraft in Europe 1100-1700, edited by Alan Kors and Edward Peters. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972.

Girl in the Window Analysis Paper

Brittaney Doss ENG 303 November 15, 2012 Girl in the window Response Questions 1. What is your initial reaction to this piece? Use descriptive language to describe how you felt while reading this. * I endured several emotions while reading this piece. It was an emotional roller coaster for me. Emotions of sadness, hopefulness, and happiness came over me while reading this piece. I was floored when reading the conditions of the home in the beginning of the piece; I couldn’t believe that people could live in such conditions, yet alone with a baby. I also was taken for a loop when I read the consequences that the mother received.I was extremely upset with the protocol of Child Protective Services. The testimonial from the mother made me angry. I too grew up in a toxic situation for most of my childhood. Although my conditions were not comparable to the environment that Danielle was in, I could feel that look that the writer described as pain and hopelessness. I could not have sym pathy for this woman and I couldn’t accept how she could justify her actions. 2. What is investigative journalism? * The journalist investigates and researches a specific topic for a long period of time.They use the newly found information and older facts to create the story. Their job is to uncover facts that have not been revealed. 3. Lane DeGregory (woman) wrote this piece. What can you find out about her online? * When I searched Lane I found links to her social network accounts, videos and personal website. I also found several articles about â€Å"Girl in the Window. † There was additional information on the journey that he endured while investigating Danielle’s story. Her copartner Melissa, who was a photojournalist, revealed information about Lane.I found information on how to contact and book her for group talks and information about other pieces in which she has written. 4. Discuss Lane DeGregory’s style in your own words. What’s working in this piece to make it a Pulitzer Prize winner? * She was able to incorporate imagery using descriptive words and placed quotes within the piece that added emotion and sensory. The chronological arrangement of the piece was done differently she started from beginning to end and kept it in order but also added known facts and interview questions that flowed and the transitions where very easy to follow.I thought the sub headings with in the story also created a change of scene almost. She incorporated all sides of the story from the social worker to the law enforcement to the doctors to the teachers to the adopting family and to the mother. It was like reading a documentary. After reading this peace I had no questions about what was next I felt that Dani was in great care and I had no doubt that she would get better. She didn’t leave a hanger for the reader. I was complete at the end of the article. That to me made it Pulitzer Prize worthy. 5.How does â€Å"Girl in the Wind ow† differ from other articles we’ve read? * The Girl in the Window reads like a story rather that an article. It has a rising action and a resolution. Normally articles don’t end with the happy ending; you have to research or follow up to find out more information. Lane included a start middle and ending to the piece. At the end of the article I felt like I was closing a book or there would be credits following the last word. 6. What qualities does it share with other articles we’ve read? * The very first article we read about James Cameron shares similar qualities.Both writers had to endure a long journey to collect information for these pieces. You can compare the on-site time spent by both authors. The two articles couldn’t have been written with dedicating the proper time. 7. What techniques were utilized and how did this article come together? * Lane used details and ravishing quotations throughout the piece. It was a timeline piece use great transitions and subheading to help the reader keep up. She used descriptive words and did a amazing job setting the scenes as she wrote about them. 8. How did Lane DeGregory build her characters in the story? Lane gives us background information about the Lierows and then at the end she lets us into the background of Dani’s birth mother. She lets the readers know about the characterictics of the Lierows by sharing their daily activities and there at home lifestyles. 9. What did Oprah do after she learned/read this article? * Oprah did a segment on Dani’s story and the exposure lead to strangers donating over $10,000 to fund her long term care cost. Later her parent released a book this year called Dani's Story: A Journey from Neglect to Love.

Health Care Museum Essay

Development Description Analysis (How does the development affect the current U.S. health care system?) 1. Surgery A surgical procedure is medical treatment that involves a physician cutting into a patient’s body to repair or remove something. Surgery procedures have existed since prehistoric man. In 1540 C.E. barbers and surgeons united to form The United Barber-Surgeons Company. These barber-surgeons performed tooth extractions and bloodletting procedures. As our knowledge grows, so do our abilities. Some procedures such as tracheostomy, described in detail by Paul of Aegina (625-690 AD), remain pertinent today while others which contributed to the demise of many patients (e.g. bloodletting) were surprisingly slow to disappear (Hindle, K. S., & Hindle, S. J., 2001). Surgeries save many lives. Today surgeries are used for replacements and transplants. Elective non-life threatening surgeries are performed quite commonly now. Microsurgery uses small incisions to minimize exposure and reduce the impact of the procedure all together. There is also cosmetic surgery which is usually elective an d not medically necessary. With today’s surgical practices the body can be manipulated in many ways with minimal effect. 2. Technology Technology is the creation and usage of tools for achieving goals. In health care, technology is used for information purposes, to teach, and heal. We have computers that keep track of medical records. We have machines that can see through the human body. There are sensors that can collect data from a patient and transmit it wirelessly to a physician. There are even machines that aid physicians during surgery. Technology completely affects health care. It has allowed patients and doctors to stay connected better than ever. Telecommunications provide health care workers with the ability to  communicate with each other all around the world. Technology has allowed for easier storage and access to medical information. Health care workers can locate a patient’s information with the click of a button. Patients can go online and access a plethora of health information. Technology also enables us to view the body in new ways (CAT scan, x-rays). Robotics allow physicians to perform s urgeries in places where they cannot be via remote link. 3. Child Birth Beginning back in the Renaissance era barber-surgeons provide child birth services. Much later in 1716 midwives were given the ability to obtain licenses and help women through labor. Shortly after the war of 1812 medical schools began teaching birthing techniques to physicians. By the 1900’s physicians attended approximately half of the nation’s births. Child birthing at hospitals performed by physicians are much safer than the â€Å"home births† of yester years. With hospitals the patient’s area is always clean and sterile. This reduces risk for the mother and child. With physicians as the primary deliverer, complications can be handled sooner and adequately. These techniques have allowed the safe birthing of millions. This protects are future generations by keeping them safe. 4. Vaccines As the United States grew toward independence in the 1700’s, public health efforts also grew. In 1796 Dr. Edward Jenner created and tested the first vaccine (Henderson, D. A., 1997). After word of the discovery two London doctors confirmed Jenner’s findings and began wide distribution. Within 3 years the information was translated into 4 different languages and spread across 4 continents. The success of vaccines has led to a situation where many health care providers and parents have not witnessed the morbidity and mortality of the diseases for which these agents are indicated (Ruddock, B., & Malak, K., 2005). Vaccines offer protection from numerous disease. Without vaccines illness would be far more rampant. 5. Medicare In 1965 President Johnson signed into law the Medicare program. Medicare provides medical access for citizens 65 and older who cannot afford care themselves. Over time the coverage has expanded to include disabled citizens  and those with end stage renal disease. Medicare gives medical access to many people who would not have it otherwise. Medicare is the government’s first program associated with public health insurance. Since then the U.S. has seen Medicaid and now recently the Affordable Care Act. Essentially, these are government programs designed to ensure care for citizens. These programs expand health care. As more people are able to have health coverage, more health care services become needed. While these programs provide protection they also stimulate growth within the medical field. Part 2 How does everything connect? Write up a comprehensive overview of how these events evolved into each other. First on my list is surgery. While child birth has been around since the dawn of man, modern birthing practices did not come into effect until the 1800’s. Surgical procedures on the other hand, have been dated back to 6500 hundred years before common era (BCE). Skulls found in France show signs of a rudimentary surgery called trepanation, which involves drilling a hole in the skull. (Heisler. J., 2014). Surgery has been a major health tool for a very long time and we are still improving upon it today. Technology comes second on the list because ever since man realized he could manipulate the body, tools have been needed to do so. Even the skulls in France required some sort of tool to drill the hole. Of course technology goes beyond simple tools. Technology encompasses numerous devices each with their own unique quality. Technology expands our capabilities and allows us to do things we simply could not do ourselves. Technology also improves child birthing techniques. Thanks to sonograms physicians can see babies inside of the womb. This gives them great insight into the condition and development of the child in the womb. Before technology such as this, parents had to wait till the day of birth before they knew anything about the child. Next on the list are vaccines. While child birth did not directly influence the invention of vaccines, technology in fact did. Without the tools to collect and hold specimens, Jenner would never have been able to conduct his research. Additionally, vaccines have improved the health status of everyone  including children. Thanks to vaccines, children (and ultimately the population) no longer have to worry about Polio and other various viruses. Most required vaccines are given to children during their developing years. This protect the child through their entire life. Last of the developments is Medicare. Vaccines didn’t directly lead to Medicare, however all other developments did. With surgical procedures, technology, vaccines, and better child birthing practices, more people are able to live longer lives. As the population’s life expectancy increases, so does the need for care in all facets of life. Programs like Medicare protect the elderly by providing health care for those who could not afford it on their own. Essentially, social policies eventually become important for societies that can provide health care. Medicare, Medicaid, and the Affordable Care Act are necessary social devices that protect U.S. citizens. References Austin, A., & Wetle, V. (2012). The United States health care system: Combining business, health, and delivery. (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Lemelson-MIT. (2003, April). Louis Pasteur. Retrieved from http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/pasteur.html Henderson, D. A. (1997). Edward Jenner’s vaccine. Public Health Reports, 112(2), 116-21. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/230183418?accountid=458 Ruddock, B., & Malak, K. (2005). Sorting out risks, benefits of vaccine. Canadian Pharmacists Journal, 138(5), 59-60. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/221177193?accountid=458 Hindle, K. S., & Hindle, S. J. (2001). A history of surgery. Royal Society of Medicine (Great Britain).Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94(8), 423. Retrieved from http://search.pr Heisler. J. (2014). The Evolution of Surgery. Retrieved from http://surgery.about.com/od/surgeryinthemedia/a/HistoryOfSurgeryTimeline.htm

Critical analysis of page 41-42 of the Great Gatsby

Fitzgerald describes the ‘music’ coming from Gatsby’s house which is effectively used to foreshadow the images of music in the party later in the passage. He also uses the term ‘summer nights’ which presents the reader with the impression of a continuous party and demonstrates more clearly the hedonistic world that the rich inhabited in 1920s America which is further confirmed when Fitzgerald refers to the ‘champagne’ in the next sentence suggesting this expensive delicacy was the normality at these lavish parties. The ‘blue gardens’ in the following sentence gives the reader a vivid picture of the evening light whilst also using the metaphor to evoke a feeling of beauty regarding Gatsby’s party within the readers mind. The image of the comings and goings being ‘like moths’ gives the idea of the fleetingness of the upper class guests that have no real purpose or aims but to drift at these parties. Fitzgerald uses the term ‘men and girls’ as opposed to referring to the ‘girls’ as women, perhaps suggesting at the immaturity of these women, so much so that they appeared to be like little girls. The use of the word ‘whisperings’ creates a sensual feeling in the reader as it appears romantic and furtive but also could refer to the gossiping ways of the wealthy party guests. The image of ‘the stars’ induces both a vision of peaceful night sky, which contrasts the lively atmosphere of the party and therefore highlighting this further to the reader, but also presents an image of the affluent party guests as stars, some in their own rights, and some whom only saw themselves this way. Fitzgerald describes ‘his [Gatsby’s] raft’, ‘his beach’ and ‘his two-motor boats’ in the following sentence to portray the sense of wealth and affluence of Gatsby and this detailed visual imagery enables the reader to relate with the narrator as they share in his feeling of awe at Gatsby’s affluence. The warm light imagery of the ‘sun on the hot sand’ adds to the ongoing sense of romance in the passage, which reflects the numerous romances and affairs within the book, primarily that of Gatsby and Daisy. Fitzgerald effectively uses a metaphor to describe the Rolls-Royce, a relatively small car, becoming an ‘omnibus’ to further emphasize to the reader the massiveness of these parties and the copious people that attended. The simile of the station wagon scampering ‘like a brisk yellow bug’ not only makes the inanimate object more realistic to the reader but reflects the urgency of the guests to attend these magnificent parties. The immensity of Gatsby’s parties is further shown through the statement that ‘eight servants, including an extra gardener’ had to work all of Monday to restore the mansion to its former grandeur and to get rid of the after effects of the party. The image of ‘several hundred feet of canvas’ being used just for Gatsby’s party once again indicates his enormous wealth and success and makes it more realistic to the reader by using measurements. Fitzgerald uses colour imagery to describe the party food such as ‘glistening hors-d’oeuvre’, ‘salads of harlequin designs’ and ‘turkeys bewitched to a dark gold’. This creates a more realistic and physical aspect to the food that makes it more vivid for the reader. The use of the ‘dark gold’ image also symbolises Gatsby’s wealth and the grandeur of the party. Fitzgerald combines the visual images of the ‘gin’, ‘liquors’ and other drinks with the sound imagery of the ‘oboes’, ‘trombones’ and other orchestra instruments in the following paragraph in order to appeal to more of the readers senses. By using sound imagery alongside visual imagery, the party appears more realistic to the reader and they instantly become more involved. The listed instruments depict to the reader the vastness of the orchestra, suggesting it was in competition with the ‘chatter’ and the vast amounts of party guests. During this paragraph, Nick also changes tense from past to present, as he describes that ‘the bar is in full swing’. This also makes the passage more realistic to the reader as it is more inclusive and engages the reader to feel like they are also attending this party. The use of the image of ‘Castile’ a wealthy Spanish town, indicates the affluence of the people at the party as their fashion was ‘beyond the dreams’ of even the most wealthy towns. Fitzgerald describes the cocktails as ‘floating rounds’ indicating how insignificant the party guests thought of the servants, so much so that they appeared to be invisible. This shows the shallow, snobbish nature of the wealthy Americans of the time. Personification is used effective to describe the air as ‘alive with chatter’ highlighting to the reader the enormity of the noise of the party that must have been audible for miles around. The idea of the ‘enthusiastic meetings’ of women who ‘never knew each other’s names’ compels the reader to consider how genuine this enthusiasm was in someone they did not know or whether it was fake interest from possibly fake and shallow women of the time. There is further light imagery as it grows ‘brighter’ mentions of the ‘sun’ which evoke images of wealth and beauty. Fitzgerald creates both visual and sound imagery when he describes the ‘yellow cocktail music’ in which the light imagery again indicated wealth to the reader and also creates a soft, sensual feel. The ‘opera of voices’ further highlights the noise of the party and connects both the orchestra noise and that of the guests conversations. The groups changing ‘swiftly’ gives the impression of elegance and restlessness, as people are reluctant to stay in the same place as groups ‘dissolve and form in the same breath’. Fitzgerald stresses the self obsessed, egotistical nature of the party guests when he reveals their aim; to become centre of attention which, when fulfilled, makes them ‘excited with triumph’. The passage comes to a close with the ever recurring light imagery of the ‘constantly changing light’ perhaps symbolising not only the beauty of the scene but also the fleetingness of the people that inhabit it.

Economic Report of the President 2013 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic Report of the President 2013 - Essay Example The report rightly notes that the United States currently enjoys a competitive advantage in business services. However, the service import is growing rapidly while in Advanced Technology it is realized that the country faces persistent trade deficit and this clearly shows a lack of competitiveness on this sector. However, on the part of the labour market, it is seen that only higher education and worker training are given priority while early childhood programs are not addressed. In any case, it is important to have a human capital policy that goes beyond the higher education policy and addresses all concerns in this respect. Indeed, the report is very optimistic about the trade prospects of this country and the potential for growth. Innovation is rightly captured as an important ingredient in the economic process. There must be a shift towards a knowledge based economy. Agriculture is strongly placed as a core aspect in the knowledge based economy. Indeed, the focus on agriculture can greatly benefit the country considering the huge potential in this sector. In any case, this sector can further enhance the development of manufacturing and the service sectors. In this respect, much focus is placed on biological, chemical and other advances in agricultural production. The report places much priority on the stabilization of the economy and the creation of jobs for everyone. The first chapter underscores the commitment of the administration in creating a comprehensive energy strategy in order to enhance energy security, economic growth and job creation. Indeed, the dependence on foreign oil has always been a concern for the country. The report highlights the growing need to reduce the overdependence on oil and by developing renewable sources of energy. It is further noted that there has been much decline on foreign oil and this indicates good

No Smoking Ban and Constitutional Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

No Smoking Ban and Constitutional Rights - Essay Example ate Health & Welfare Department because of her being a smoker notwithstanding the fact that she is well qualified for the position she was applying for. The refusal of the said department to hire her was because of the law enacted by the State that no employees shall be hired as state employees; (2) The issues involved must be riped for adjudication (Warth vs. Seldin, 1975). That is, the questioned law must have effected an adverse effect on the person challenging it that there it has warrant the intervention of the judiciary; (3) The plaintiff must have a legal standing. This is when the plaintiff has a personal and substantial interest in the current case such that he has sustained direct or actual injury due to the enforcement of the subject law, that there is a sufficient connection between the action of the government and the injury sustained by the plaintiff or that the plaintiff does not bring the case for general purpose or to represent a third party (Flast vs. Cohen, 1968). Clearly, Candice suffered injury for being rejected to become a state employee despite her qualifications; and (4) The question of Constitutionality must be raised at the earliest possible opportunity or it must pass mootness test (The Free Dictionary; Warth vs. Seldin, 1975). If the case shows that the issues involved are only hypothetical or dead, the court will preclude itself from addressing the issues since the â€Å"alleged injury† is no longer or has never existed. In the instant case, should the case has been brought right after Candice was rejected to become a state employee and while she is still a smoker, the case can be considered to have been brought in time and therefore meets the last requisite. In this instance, all the requisites before a court may review a law and declare it to be unconstitutional or in violation of a fundamental right are present in the case at hand. Moreover, the test used was appropriate since the case questions the validity of a law and the test was

Study case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Study case - Essay Example For the information strategy to work effectively the only requirement is that information should not be biased and should be obtained using utmost care and analysis. In the case at hand, the information will be obtained from the employees and the board members of the company. The IT development team will conduct user surveys and review user requirements individually (Hansen et all, 1999). They will strive to find out the roles played by each employee and will design a system that enables each individual to perform his or her role effectively. Similarly, the IT consultants will have to analyze the different use cases and the user scenarios which will affect the end product. The information needs will then be derived from the use cases. From the case the business requirements are to provide an online marketplace for buyers and customers to interact, place orders, enter details and feedback and receive goods through a logistics channel. Hence, Aalsmeer has to function in a manner where it not only keeps record of the financial transactions of the company but also the financial transactions that take place over their marketplace. Similarly, for their success they will have to market their offering to the customers which can be flower growers and flower merchants as well as the private buyers who want flowers and plants to be delivered to them for a non business purpose. In addition to this the Flower Auction will have to incorporate the feedback from the clients to the vendors so that the growers know what is being demanded in the marketplace and grow the same flowers and plants. Therefore, it will provide the growers the analysis of the demand in the market for the various types of plants and flowers. The information requirements for the proposed system can be divided into different entities. There would be different information stored for individual entities, i.e. growers and sellers would have their profile while the customers will have one

Financial Security in a Persons Retirement Term Paper

Financial Security in a Persons Retirement - Term Paper Example In order to have financial security in our retirement, we need to start saving, keep saving and also stick to our goals. We need to make saving for the retirement a priority. In order to stay focused, we need to know our retirement needs and save towards it. A good starting point is finding out our retirement benefits. Investing for retirement is vital in ensuring safe and enjoyable retirement. Due to uncertainty, the true quality of a person’s retirement actually depends on their planning and planning must begin somewhere (Berk & DeMarzo, 2014). To have a secure retirement one must understand all the necessary factors that are crucial in the realization of the set goal. In saving for retirement individuals must understand the time value of money concept because it influences any financial decision to be made. They need to start saving early enough to increase the worth of the money in the future. It is the idea that money available today is worth more than the same amount in future because of its potential earning capacity (Taillard, 2013). Because money earns interest, any amount of money is often worth more the sooner it is invested. The paper entails computation of the amount to be invested annually to earn $1,000,000 in 30 years and the amount earned at retirement. In addition, it discusses values such as time and the interest rate that can be changed to lower annual deposits while increasing benefits. Besides, it discusses asset allocation among three asset classes, stocks, bonds, and cash. It concludes by looking at the investment objective which in this case is capital appreciation. Further, it discusses investment constraints that affect my asset allocation. In solving the problem, I will use the money purchase method which takes into account annual deposits and actuarial factor that is based on annuity period (time horizon or age) (Berk & DeMarzo, 2014). This method takes into account the time value of money by using present value or ordinary annuityÃ'Ž